Crypto++ 8.1 Free C++ class library of cryptographic schemes

osrng.h
Go to the documentation of this file.
1 // osrng.h - originally written and placed in the public domain by Wei Dai
2
3 /// \file osrng.h
4 /// \brief Classes for access to the operating system's random number generators
5
6 #ifndef CRYPTOPP_OSRNG_H
7 #define CRYPTOPP_OSRNG_H
8
9 #include "config.h"
10
11 #if !defined(NO_OS_DEPENDENCE) && defined(OS_RNG_AVAILABLE)
12
13 #include "cryptlib.h"
14 #include "randpool.h"
15 #include "smartptr.h"
16 #include "fips140.h"
17 #include "rng.h"
18 #include "aes.h"
19 #include "sha.h"
20
21 NAMESPACE_BEGIN(CryptoPP)
22
23 /// \brief Exception thrown when an operating system error is encountered
24 class CRYPTOPP_DLL OS_RNG_Err : public Exception
25 {
26 public:
27 /// \brief Constructs an OS_RNG_Err
28 /// \param operation the operation or API call when the error occurs
29 OS_RNG_Err(const std::string &operation);
30 };
31
32 #ifdef NONBLOCKING_RNG_AVAILABLE
33
34 #ifdef CRYPTOPP_WIN32_AVAILABLE
35 /// \brief Wrapper for Microsoft crypto service provider
36 /// \sa \def USE_MS_CRYPTOAPI, \def USE_MS_CNGAPI
37 class CRYPTOPP_DLL MicrosoftCryptoProvider
38 {
39 public:
40 /// \brief Construct a MicrosoftCryptoProvider
41 MicrosoftCryptoProvider();
42 ~MicrosoftCryptoProvider();
43
44 // type HCRYPTPROV and BCRYPT_ALG_HANDLE, avoid #include <windows.h>
45 #if defined(USE_MS_CRYPTOAPI)
46 # if defined(__CYGWIN__) && defined(__x86_64__)
47 typedef unsigned long long ProviderHandle;
48 # elif defined(WIN64) || defined(_WIN64)
49 typedef unsigned __int64 ProviderHandle;
50 # else
51 typedef unsigned long ProviderHandle;
52 # endif
53 #elif defined(USE_MS_CNGAPI)
54 typedef void *PVOID;
55 typedef PVOID ProviderHandle;
56 #endif // USE_MS_CRYPTOAPI or USE_MS_CNGAPI
57
58 /// \brief Retrieves the provider handle
59 /// \returns CryptoAPI provider handle
60 /// \details If USE_MS_CRYPTOAPI is in effect, then CryptAcquireContext()
61 /// acquires then handle and CryptReleaseContext() releases the handle
62 /// upon destruction. If USE_MS_CNGAPI is in effect, then
63 /// BCryptOpenAlgorithmProvider() acquires then handle and
64 /// BCryptCloseAlgorithmProvider() releases the handle upon destruction.
65 ProviderHandle GetProviderHandle() const {return m_hProvider;}
66
67 private:
68 ProviderHandle m_hProvider;
69 };
70
71 #if defined(_MSC_VER) && defined(USE_MS_CRYPTOAPI)
72 # pragma comment(lib, "advapi32.lib")
73 #endif
74
75 #if defined(_MSC_VER) && defined(USE_MS_CNGAPI)
76 # pragma comment(lib, "bcrypt.lib")
77 #endif
78
79 #endif // CRYPTOPP_WIN32_AVAILABLE
80
81 /// \brief Wrapper class for /dev/random and /dev/srandom
82 /// \details Encapsulates CryptoAPI's CryptGenRandom() or CryptoNG's BCryptGenRandom()
83 /// on Windows, or /dev/urandom on Unix and compatibles.
84 class CRYPTOPP_DLL NonblockingRng : public RandomNumberGenerator
85 {
86 public:
87 CRYPTOPP_STATIC_CONSTEXPR const char* StaticAlgorithmName() { return "NonblockingRng"; }
88
89 ~NonblockingRng();
90
91 /// \brief Construct a NonblockingRng
92 NonblockingRng();
93
94 /// \brief Generate random array of bytes
95 /// \param output the byte buffer
96 /// \param size the length of the buffer, in bytes
97 /// \details GenerateIntoBufferedTransformation() calls are routed to GenerateBlock().
98 void GenerateBlock(byte *output, size_t size);
99
100 protected:
101 #ifdef CRYPTOPP_WIN32_AVAILABLE
102 MicrosoftCryptoProvider m_Provider;
103 #else
104 int m_fd;
105 #endif
106 };
107
108 #endif
109
110 #if defined(BLOCKING_RNG_AVAILABLE) || defined(CRYPTOPP_DOXYGEN_PROCESSING)
111
112 /// \brief Wrapper class for /dev/random and /dev/srandom
113 /// \details Encapsulates /dev/random on Linux, OS X and Unix; and /dev/srandom on the BSDs.
114 /// \note On Linux the /dev/random interface is effectively deprecated. According to the
115 /// Kernel Crypto developers, /dev/urandom or getrandom(2) should be used instead. Also
116 /// see <A HREF="https://lkml.org/lkml/2017/7/20/993">[RFC PATCH v12 3/4] Linux Random
117 /// Number Generator</A> on the kernel-crypto mailing list.
118 class CRYPTOPP_DLL BlockingRng : public RandomNumberGenerator
119 {
120 public:
121 CRYPTOPP_STATIC_CONSTEXPR const char* StaticAlgorithmName() { return "BlockingRng"; }
122
123 ~BlockingRng();
124
125 /// \brief Construct a BlockingRng
126 BlockingRng();
127
128 /// \brief Generate random array of bytes
129 /// \param output the byte buffer
130 /// \param size the length of the buffer, in bytes
131 /// \details GenerateIntoBufferedTransformation() calls are routed to GenerateBlock().
132 void GenerateBlock(byte *output, size_t size);
133
134 protected:
135 int m_fd;
136 };
137
138 #endif
139
140 /// OS_GenerateRandomBlock
141 /// \brief Generate random array of bytes
142 /// \param blocking specifies whther a bobcking or non-blocking generator should be used
143 /// \param output the byte buffer
144 /// \param size the length of the buffer, in bytes
145 /// \details OS_GenerateRandomBlock() uses the underlying operating system's
146 /// random number generator. On Windows, CryptGenRandom() is called using NonblockingRng.
147 /// \details On Unix and compatibles, /dev/urandom is called if blocking is false using
148 /// NonblockingRng. If blocking is true, then either /dev/randomd or /dev/srandom is used
149 /// by way of BlockingRng, if available.
150 CRYPTOPP_DLL void CRYPTOPP_API OS_GenerateRandomBlock(bool blocking, byte *output, size_t size);
151
152 /// \brief Automatically Seeded Randomness Pool
153 /// \details This class seeds itself using an operating system provided RNG.
154 /// AutoSeededRandomPool was suggested by Leonard Janke.
155 class CRYPTOPP_DLL AutoSeededRandomPool : public RandomPool
156 {
157 public:
158 CRYPTOPP_STATIC_CONSTEXPR const char* StaticAlgorithmName() { return "AutoSeededRandomPool"; }
159
160 ~AutoSeededRandomPool() {}
161
162 /// \brief Construct an AutoSeededRandomPool
163 /// \param blocking controls seeding with BlockingRng or NonblockingRng
164 /// \param seedSize the size of the seed, in bytes
165 /// \details Use blocking to choose seeding with BlockingRng or NonblockingRng.
166 /// The parameter is ignored if only one of these is available.
167 explicit AutoSeededRandomPool(bool blocking = false, unsigned int seedSize = 32)
168 {Reseed(blocking, seedSize);}
169
170 /// \brief Reseed an AutoSeededRandomPool
171 /// \param blocking controls seeding with BlockingRng or NonblockingRng
172 /// \param seedSize the size of the seed, in bytes
173 void Reseed(bool blocking = false, unsigned int seedSize = 32);
174 };
175
176 /// \tparam BLOCK_CIPHER a block cipher
177 /// \brief Automatically Seeded X9.17 RNG
178 /// \details AutoSeededX917RNG is from ANSI X9.17 Appendix C, seeded using an OS provided RNG.
179 /// If 3-key TripleDES (DES_EDE3) is used, then its a X9.17 conforming generator. If AES is
180 /// used, then its a X9.31 conforming generator.
181 /// \details Though ANSI X9 prescribes 3-key TripleDES, the template parameter BLOCK_CIPHER can be any
182 /// BlockTransformation derived class.
183 /// \sa X917RNG, DefaultAutoSeededRNG
184 template <class BLOCK_CIPHER>
185 class AutoSeededX917RNG : public RandomNumberGenerator, public NotCopyable
186 {
187 public:
188 static std::string StaticAlgorithmName() { return std::string("AutoSeededX917RNG(") + BLOCK_CIPHER::StaticAlgorithmName() + std::string(")"); }
189
190 ~AutoSeededX917RNG() {}
191
192 /// \brief Construct an AutoSeededX917RNG
193 /// \param blocking controls seeding with BlockingRng or NonblockingRng
194 /// \param autoSeed controls auto seeding of the generator
195 /// \details Use blocking to choose seeding with BlockingRng or NonblockingRng.
196 /// The parameter is ignored if only one of these is available.
197 /// \sa X917RNG
198 explicit AutoSeededX917RNG(bool blocking = false, bool autoSeed = true)
199 {if (autoSeed) Reseed(blocking);}
200
201 /// \brief Reseed an AutoSeededX917RNG
202 /// \param blocking controls seeding with BlockingRng or NonblockingRng
203 /// \param additionalEntropy additional entropy to add to the generator
204 /// \param length the size of the additional entropy, in bytes
205 /// \details Internally, the generator uses SHA256 to extract the entropy from
206 /// from the seed and then stretch the material for the block cipher's key
207 /// and initialization vector.
208 void Reseed(bool blocking = false, const byte *additionalEntropy = NULLPTR, size_t length = 0);
209
210 /// \brief Deterministically reseed an AutoSeededX917RNG for testing
211 /// \param key the key to use for the deterministic reseeding
212 /// \param keylength the size of the key, in bytes
213 /// \param seed the seed to use for the deterministic reseeding
214 /// \param timeVector a time vector to use for deterministic reseeding
215 /// \details This is a testing interface for testing purposes, and should \a NOT
216 /// be used in production.
217 void Reseed(const byte *key, size_t keylength, const byte *seed, const byte *timeVector);
218
219 bool CanIncorporateEntropy() const {return true;}
220 void IncorporateEntropy(const byte *input, size_t length) {Reseed(false, input, length);}
221 void GenerateIntoBufferedTransformation(BufferedTransformation &target, const std::string &channel, lword length)
222 {m_rng->GenerateIntoBufferedTransformation(target, channel, length);}
223
224 std::string AlgorithmProvider() const;
225
226 private:
227 member_ptr<RandomNumberGenerator> m_rng;
228 };
229
230 template <class BLOCK_CIPHER>
231 void AutoSeededX917RNG<BLOCK_CIPHER>::Reseed(const byte *key, size_t keylength, const byte *seed, const byte *timeVector)
232 {
233 m_rng.reset(new X917RNG(new typename BLOCK_CIPHER::Encryption(key, keylength), seed, timeVector));
234 }
235
236 template <class BLOCK_CIPHER>
237 void AutoSeededX917RNG<BLOCK_CIPHER>::Reseed(bool blocking, const byte *input, size_t length)
238 {
239 SecByteBlock seed(BLOCK_CIPHER::BLOCKSIZE + BLOCK_CIPHER::DEFAULT_KEYLENGTH);
240 const byte *key;
241 do
242 {
243 OS_GenerateRandomBlock(blocking, seed, seed.size());
244 if (length > 0)
245 {
246 SHA256 hash;
247 hash.Update(seed, seed.size());
248 hash.Update(input, length);
249 hash.TruncatedFinal(seed, UnsignedMin(hash.DigestSize(), seed.size()));
250 }
251 key = seed + BLOCK_CIPHER::BLOCKSIZE;
252 } // check that seed and key don't have same value
253 while (memcmp(key, seed, STDMIN((unsigned int)BLOCK_CIPHER::BLOCKSIZE, (unsigned int)BLOCK_CIPHER::DEFAULT_KEYLENGTH)) == 0);
254
255 Reseed(key, BLOCK_CIPHER::DEFAULT_KEYLENGTH, seed, NULLPTR);
256 }
257
258 template <class BLOCK_CIPHER>
259 std::string AutoSeededX917RNG<BLOCK_CIPHER>::AlgorithmProvider() const
260 {
261 // Hack for now... We need to instantiate one
262 typename BLOCK_CIPHER::Encryption bc;
263 return bc.AlgorithmProvider();
264 }
265
266 CRYPTOPP_DLL_TEMPLATE_CLASS AutoSeededX917RNG<AES>;
267
268 #if defined(CRYPTOPP_DOXYGEN_PROCESSING)
269 /// \brief A typedef providing a default generator
270 /// \details DefaultAutoSeededRNG is a typedef of either AutoSeededX917RNG<AES> or AutoSeededRandomPool.
271 /// If CRYPTOPP_ENABLE_COMPLIANCE_WITH_FIPS_140_2 is defined, then DefaultAutoSeededRNG is
272 /// AutoSeededX917RNG<AES>. Otherwise, DefaultAutoSeededRNG is AutoSeededRandomPool.
273 class DefaultAutoSeededRNG {}
274 #else
275 // AutoSeededX917RNG<AES> in FIPS mode, otherwise it's AutoSeededRandomPool
276 #if CRYPTOPP_ENABLE_COMPLIANCE_WITH_FIPS_140_2
277 typedef AutoSeededX917RNG<AES> DefaultAutoSeededRNG;
278 #else
279 typedef AutoSeededRandomPool DefaultAutoSeededRNG;
280 #endif
281 #endif // CRYPTOPP_DOXYGEN_PROCESSING
282
283 NAMESPACE_END
284
285 #endif
286
287 #endif
Exception
Base class for all exceptions thrown by the library.
Definition: cryptlib.h:158
AutoSeededRandomPool::AutoSeededRandomPool
AutoSeededRandomPool(bool blocking=false, unsigned int seedSize=32)
Construct an AutoSeededRandomPool.
Definition: osrng.h:167
MicrosoftCryptoProvider
Definition: osrng.h:37
RandomPool
Randomness Pool based on AES-256.
Definition: randpool.h:41
SHA256
SHA-256 message digest.
Definition: sha.h:64
NonblockingRng
Wrapper class for /dev/random and /dev/srandom.
Definition: osrng.h:84
randpool.h
Class file for Randomness Pool.
AutoSeededX917RNG::Reseed
void Reseed(bool blocking=false, const byte *additionalEntropy=NULL, size_t length=0)
Reseed an AutoSeededX917RNG.
Definition: osrng.h:237
RandomNumberGenerator::GenerateBlock
virtual void GenerateBlock(byte *output, size_t size)
Generate random array of bytes.
Definition: cryptlib.cpp:311
X917RNG
ANSI X9.17 RNG.
Definition: rng.h:47
AutoSeededX917RNG::CanIncorporateEntropy
bool CanIncorporateEntropy() const
Determines if a generator can accept additional entropy.
Definition: osrng.h:219
cryptlib.h
Abstract base classes that provide a uniform interface to this library.
smartptr.h
Classes for automatic resource management.
AutoSeededX917RNG::AlgorithmProvider
std::string AlgorithmProvider() const
Retrieve the provider of this algorithm.
Definition: osrng.h:259
config.h
Library configuration file.
IteratedHashBase::Update
void Update(const byte *input, size_t length)
Updates a hash with additional input.
Definition: iterhash.cpp:13
RandomNumberGenerator
Interface for random number generators.
Definition: cryptlib.h:1383
SecByteBlock
SecBlock<byte> typedef.
Definition: secblock.h:1058
BufferedTransformation
Interface for buffered transformations.
Definition: cryptlib.h:1598
AutoSeededX917RNG::GenerateIntoBufferedTransformation
void GenerateIntoBufferedTransformation(BufferedTransformation &target, const std::string &channel, lword length)
Generate random bytes into a BufferedTransformation.
Definition: osrng.h:221
member_ptr< RandomNumberGenerator >
OS_RNG_Err
Exception thrown when an operating system error is encountered.
Definition: osrng.h:24
AutoSeededRandomPool
Automatically Seeded Randomness Pool.
Definition: osrng.h:155
aes.h
Class file for the AES cipher (Rijndael)
UnsignedMin
const T1 UnsignedMin(const T1 &a, const T2 &b)
Safe comparison of values that could be neagtive and incorrectly promoted.
Definition: misc.h:574
IteratedHashWithStaticTransform::DigestSize
unsigned int DigestSize() const
Provides the digest size of the hash.
Definition: iterhash.h:187
rng.h
Miscellaneous classes for RNGs.
AutoSeededX917RNG
Automatically Seeded X9.17 RNG.
Definition: osrng.h:185
IteratedHashBase::TruncatedFinal
void TruncatedFinal(byte *digest, size_t digestSize)
Computes the hash of the current message.
Definition: iterhash.cpp:165
STDMIN
const T & STDMIN(const T &a, const T &b)
Replacement function for std::min.
Definition: misc.h:535
sha.h
Classes for SHA-1 and SHA-2 family of message digests.
BlockingRng
Wrapper class for /dev/random and /dev/srandom.
Definition: osrng.h:118
fips140.h
Classes and functions for the FIPS 140-2 validated library.
OS_GenerateRandomBlock
void OS_GenerateRandomBlock(bool blocking, byte *output, size_t size)
OS_GenerateRandomBlock.
Definition: osrng.cpp:236
AutoSeededX917RNG::AutoSeededX917RNG
AutoSeededX917RNG(bool blocking=false, bool autoSeed=true)
Construct an AutoSeededX917RNG.
Definition: osrng.h:198
CryptoPP
Crypto++ library namespace.
MicrosoftCryptoProvider::GetProviderHandle
ProviderHandle GetProviderHandle() const
Retrieves the provider handle.
Definition: osrng.h:65
NotCopyable
Ensures an object is not copyable.
Definition: misc.h:200
SecBlock::size
size_type size() const
Provides the count of elements in the SecBlock.
Definition: secblock.h:797
RandomNumberGenerator::GenerateIntoBufferedTransformation
virtual void GenerateIntoBufferedTransformation(BufferedTransformation &target, const std::string &channel, lword length)
Generate random bytes into a BufferedTransformation.
Definition: cryptlib.cpp:324
AutoSeededX917RNG::IncorporateEntropy
void IncorporateEntropy(const byte *input, size_t length)
Update RNG state with additional unpredictable values.
Definition: osrng.h:220
DefaultAutoSeededRNG
A typedef providing a default generator.
Definition: osrng.h:273